Studie možnosti využití odpadního pečiva k bioprodukci vybraných metabolitů
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Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická
Abstract
Cílem této diplomové práce bylo studium možnosti využití odpadního pečiva k bioprodukci vybraných metabolitů. Jako odpadní pečivo byl použit odpadní chléb dodaný kavárnou Zastávka. Chléb byl předupraven mletím na malé částice a dále z něj byla vytvořena 15 % w/v suspenze, která byla podrobena enzymatické hydrolýze. Na hydrolýzu byla použita -amylasa pro ztekucení substrátu a po ní následovala glukoamylasa, která daný substrát sacharifikovala. Bylo provedeno několik způsobů hydrolýz, z nichž nejoptimálnější byla dále použita na předúpravu substrátu před fermentací. Účinnost a průběh hydrolýz byly stanoveny spektrofotometrickou metodou podle Somogyiho-Nelsona. Konečné výtěžky glukosy z hydrolýz byly stanoveny metodou HPLC. Po enzymatické hydrolýze následovala fermentace, která byla provedena dvěma způsoby, a to s úpravou pH hydrolyzátu na hodnotu 5 a bez úpravy pH. Během fermentací byly prováděny odběry, ve kterých byl stanoven obsah glukosy, ethanolu a glycerolu metodou HPLC. Fermentace probíhala za teploty 30 °C s použitím kvasinek Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nejvyššího výtěžku glukosy bylo dosaženo u hydrolýzy ve dvou krocích (70,28 gl-1), avšak pro fermentaci byla použita metoda směsné hydrolýzy („směsná 2“) s výtěžkem 67,94 gl-1. Nejvyššího výtěžku ethanolu bylo dosaženo během fermentace bez úpravy pH, a to 31,5 gl-1.
The aim of this diploma thesis was to study the possibility of using waste bread to bioproduction of selected metabolites. As bakery waste was used waste bread that came from coffee-house “Zastávka”. Bread was pre-treated by grinding into small particles and then it was made to form 15% w/v suspension, which was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis. For the hydrolysis has been used the -amylase for liquefaction of the substrate and that was followed by a glucoamylase which sacharificated the substrate. There have been several methods of hydrolysis from which was chosen the optimal method for pre-treatment of the substrate prior to fermentation. The effectivity and a process of hydrolysis were determined spectrophotometrically by Somogyi-Nelson method. Final yields of glucose from hydrolysis were determined by HPLC method. Enzymatic hydrolysis was followed by fermentation, which was carried out in two ways, namely by adjusting the pH of the hydrolyzate to pH 5, and without pH adjustment. During the fermentation was carried out sampling in which was determined the content of glucose, glycerol and ethanol by HPLC method. The yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae were used for the fermentation which was performed at 30 °C. High yield of glucose was achieved by hydrolysis in two steps (70,28 gl-1), but for the fermentation was used mixed hydrolysis (second method of mixed hydrolysis) with yield 67,94 gl-1. High ethanol yield was achieved during fermentation without treatment pH, namely 31,5 gl-1.
The aim of this diploma thesis was to study the possibility of using waste bread to bioproduction of selected metabolites. As bakery waste was used waste bread that came from coffee-house “Zastávka”. Bread was pre-treated by grinding into small particles and then it was made to form 15% w/v suspension, which was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis. For the hydrolysis has been used the -amylase for liquefaction of the substrate and that was followed by a glucoamylase which sacharificated the substrate. There have been several methods of hydrolysis from which was chosen the optimal method for pre-treatment of the substrate prior to fermentation. The effectivity and a process of hydrolysis were determined spectrophotometrically by Somogyi-Nelson method. Final yields of glucose from hydrolysis were determined by HPLC method. Enzymatic hydrolysis was followed by fermentation, which was carried out in two ways, namely by adjusting the pH of the hydrolyzate to pH 5, and without pH adjustment. During the fermentation was carried out sampling in which was determined the content of glucose, glycerol and ethanol by HPLC method. The yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae were used for the fermentation which was performed at 30 °C. High yield of glucose was achieved by hydrolysis in two steps (70,28 gl-1), but for the fermentation was used mixed hydrolysis (second method of mixed hydrolysis) with yield 67,94 gl-1. High ethanol yield was achieved during fermentation without treatment pH, namely 31,5 gl-1.
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Citation
HUDEČKOVÁ, H. Studie možnosti využití odpadního pečiva k bioprodukci vybraných metabolitů [online]. Brno: Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická. 2014.
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Document version
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cs
Study field
Potravinářská chemie a biotechnologie
Comittee
prof. Ing. Peter Šimko, DrSc. (předseda)
doc. Ing. Jiřina Omelková, CSc. (místopředseda)
prof. RNDr. Ivana Márová, CSc. (člen)
doc. RNDr. Alena Španová, CSc. (člen)
doc. Ing. Bohuslav Rittich, CSc. (člen)
Date of acceptance
2014-06-04
Defence
1. Diplomantka seznámila členy komise s náplní a cílem diplomové práce.
2. Byly přečteny posudky na diplomovou práci.
3. Diplomantka akceptovala všechny připomínky oponenta a na všechny otázky odpověděla v plné šíři.
Diskuse:
doc. Španová: Označení MB kmenů ?
Result of defence
práce byla úspěšně obhájena
Document licence
Standardní licenční smlouva - přístup k plnému textu bez omezení