Mikrobiální produkce karotenoidních pigmentů s využitím odpadních substrátů
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Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická
Abstract
Karotenoidy sú prirodzene vyskytujúce sa pigmenty produkované baktériami, kvasinkami, vláknitými hubami i rastlinami. Majú významné biologické účinky s využitím v potravinárskom priemysle, farmácii i kozmetike. Cieľom diplomovej práce poňatej ako zrovnávacia štúdia bola regulácia produkcie karotenoidov a ergosterolu kvasinkami s využitím odpadových substrátov ako srvátka, kukuričné klíčky, pšeničná kaša, jablčná vláknina, cestoviny. Do vybraných produkčných médií boli pridané aj extracelulárne hydrolytické enzýmy rozkladajúce polysacharidy. Tieto enzýmy boli získané experimentálne z kultivácii štyroch kmeňov plesní. V predloženej štúdii boli použité tri kmene karotenogénnych kvasiniek: Rhodotorula glutinis, Sporobolomyces roseus a Cystofilobasidium capitatum. Kultivácia prebiehala súčasne so všetkými tromi kmeňmi a sledovali sa zmeny v produkcii sušiny a karotenoidov v jednotlivých produkčných médiách, ktoré sa navzájom porovnávali. Z hydrolyzovaných substrátov bola najlepšie využívaná vláknina, najmä u Rhodotorula glutinis, kde bolo dosiahnuté hlavne zvýšenie produkcie biomasy. U Sporobolomyces roseus boli zaznamenané zvýšené produkcie biomasy aj karotenoidov v médiách s hydrolyzovanou vlákninou a cestovinami (až 4776,38 ug/g sušiny). Kvasinka Cystofilobasidium capitatum sa v priebehu kultivácie na modifikovaných odpadových substrátoch vyznačovala poklesom biomasy, ale zvýšenou produkciou karotenoidov. Vysoká produkcia b-karoténu bola dosiahnutá u tejto kvasinky v médiách na báze pšeničnej kaše a cestovín hydrolyzovaných enzýmovým preparátom pripraveným z Aureobasidium pullulans. Hydrolyzované odpadové substráty majú teda veľké predpoklady k využitiu na produkciu sušiny a karotenoidov kvasinkovými kmeňmi, ich prípadná úprava však vyžaduje ďalšie dôkladné štúdium.
Carotenoids are naturally occurring pigments produced by bacteria, yeasts, filamentous fungi and plants. They exhibit significant biological effects and are widely used in the food industry, pharmacy and cosmetics. The aim of this diploma thesis proposed as a comparative study was regulation of carotenoid and ergosterol production in red yeasts using several waste substrates as whey, corn germs, wheat, apple fiber and pasta. To selected production media extracellular hydrolytic enzymes degrading polysaccharide were added. These enzymes were obtained from the cultivation media of four fungal strains. In this study three carotenogenic yeast strains were used: Rhodotorula glutinis, Sporobolomyces roseus and Cystofilobasidium capitatum. All strains were cultivated simultaneously and changes in biomass and carotenoid production in different production media were monitored and compared. As the best waste substrate apple fiber was utilized, particularly in Rhodotorula glutinis, which exhibited mainly biomass production increase. In Sporobolomyces roseus increased production of biomass and carotenoids have been reported in media with hydrolyzed fiber and pasta as well. Beta-carotene production in this strain reached 4776,38 mg/g of dry weight. The strain Cystofilobasidium capitatum exhibited in waste media a decerase of biomass production accompanied with increased production of carotenoids, especially in wheat mush and pasta medium hydrolyzed by enzyme preparative from Aureobasidium pullulan. It can be concluded that hydrolyzed waste substrates are very hopeful as cheap nutrient sources for yeast strains producing carotenoids and ergosterol. Nevertheless, further study of substrate processing for individual strains is needed.
Carotenoids are naturally occurring pigments produced by bacteria, yeasts, filamentous fungi and plants. They exhibit significant biological effects and are widely used in the food industry, pharmacy and cosmetics. The aim of this diploma thesis proposed as a comparative study was regulation of carotenoid and ergosterol production in red yeasts using several waste substrates as whey, corn germs, wheat, apple fiber and pasta. To selected production media extracellular hydrolytic enzymes degrading polysaccharide were added. These enzymes were obtained from the cultivation media of four fungal strains. In this study three carotenogenic yeast strains were used: Rhodotorula glutinis, Sporobolomyces roseus and Cystofilobasidium capitatum. All strains were cultivated simultaneously and changes in biomass and carotenoid production in different production media were monitored and compared. As the best waste substrate apple fiber was utilized, particularly in Rhodotorula glutinis, which exhibited mainly biomass production increase. In Sporobolomyces roseus increased production of biomass and carotenoids have been reported in media with hydrolyzed fiber and pasta as well. Beta-carotene production in this strain reached 4776,38 mg/g of dry weight. The strain Cystofilobasidium capitatum exhibited in waste media a decerase of biomass production accompanied with increased production of carotenoids, especially in wheat mush and pasta medium hydrolyzed by enzyme preparative from Aureobasidium pullulan. It can be concluded that hydrolyzed waste substrates are very hopeful as cheap nutrient sources for yeast strains producing carotenoids and ergosterol. Nevertheless, further study of substrate processing for individual strains is needed.
Description
Citation
NĚMCOVÁ, A. Mikrobiální produkce karotenoidních pigmentů s využitím odpadních substrátů [online]. Brno: Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická. 2010.
Document type
Document version
Date of access to the full text
Language of document
sk
Study field
Potravinářská chemie a biotechnologie
Comittee
prof. Ing. Peter Šimko, DrSc. (předseda)
doc. Ing. Jiřina Omelková, CSc. (místopředseda)
prof. RNDr. Ivana Márová, CSc. (člen)
doc. RNDr. Alena Španová, CSc. (člen)
doc. Ing. Bohuslav Rittich, CSc. (člen)
Date of acceptance
2010-06-09
Defence
1. Diplomantka seznámila členy komise s náplní a cílem diplomové práce.
2. Byly přečteny posudky na diplomovou práci.
3. Diplomantka akceptovala všechny připomínky oponenta a na všechny otázky odpověděla v plné šíři.
Diskuse
doc. Španová: Jak se osvědčilo využití syrovátky jako odpadního materiálu ?
Result of defence
práce byla úspěšně obhájena
Document licence
Standardní licenční smlouva - přístup k plnému textu bez omezení