Hodnocení průmyslového znečištění životního prostředí Moravskoslezského kraje s použitím radioanalytických metod
Loading...
Date
Authors
ORCID
Advisor
Referee
Mark
C
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií
Abstract
Moravskosliezský región je súčasťou územia tzv. „malého čierneho trojuholníka“. Je to územie s vyšším znečistením, spôsobeným jedným z druhu priemyslu. Tento región patrí medzi najznečistenejšie ovzdušie v Českej republike. Znečistenie je spôsobené rôznymi faktory, medzi ktorými v najväčšom dôsledku prispieva metalurgický priemysel a potom následne ťažba, doprava a malé lokálne kotle. Pro analýzu znečistenia je využitá inštrumentálna neutrónová aktivačná analýza s analýzou machu. Machy sú veľmi vhodné pro analýzu znečistenia ovzdušia, pretože veľmi dobre zachytávajú ťažké kovy. Ožarovanie prebehlo vo Spojenom ústavu pre jadrový výskum v Dubne, Ruská federácia, vo Frankovom laboratóriu neutrónovej fyziky (FLNP) na reaktore IBR 2M. Vzorky byli ožarované dvakrát, pre zistenie krátko-žijúcich a dlho-žijúcich izotopov. Krátkodobé ožarovanie bolo po dobu 3 minút a vzorky boli následne merané jeden krát asi 15 minút. Dlhodobé ožarovanie trvalo 3 dny a vzorky boli merané dvakrát, po prvý krát po 4 dňoch po dobu 30 minút a po druhý krát po 23 dňoch po dobu 90 minút. Pre dlhodobé ožarovanie bol využitý reaktorový kanál s kadmiovým filtrom. K analýze a spracovaniu dát bol využitý software Genie 2000 a software vytvorený vo FLNP, SÚJV. Z celkom 43 vzoriek machu (Hypnum cupressiforme, Pleurozium schreberi a Brachythecium rutabulum) nazbieraných na jeseň v roku 2015 boli určené koncentrácie 38 prvkov zahrňujúcich i ťažké kovy. Výsledky z merania sú spracované faktorovou analýzou a vynesené do máp.
Moravian-Silesian Region is a part of an area so called „small black triangle". It is an area of higher pollution caused by some kind of industrial zone. This region belongs to the most polluted atmosphere in the Czech Republic. The pollution is caused by various factors but the most negative one is metallurgic industry but also mine-mining, transport, and small local furnaces. To analyze pollution, the instrumental neutron activation analysis with analyzing of moss samples were used. The moss has rudimentary root system so it takes nutrients as well as heavy metals from the atmosphere. All irradiation has performed in the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) in the Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics (FLNP) at the reactor IBR-2M. Two kinds of irradiation have been performed as short-term irradiation as long-term irradiation. Short-term irradiation took about 3 mins and then short-lived isotopes were measured for about 15 mins. The long-lived isotopes were measured twice after about 4 days for 30 mins and after 23 days for 90 mins after 3 days of irradiation. For long term irradiation, the cadmium-screened irradiation channel was used. For analyzation and data processing the software Genie 2000 as well as software developed at FLNP JINR were used. In sum, 43 samples of the terrestrial mosses (Hypnum cupressiforme, Pleurozium schreberi and Brachythecium rutabulum) were collected in autumn of 2015 in which the concentration of 38 elements were determined, including heavy metals. As a result, the factor analysis have been performed as well as maps analyzation.
Moravian-Silesian Region is a part of an area so called „small black triangle". It is an area of higher pollution caused by some kind of industrial zone. This region belongs to the most polluted atmosphere in the Czech Republic. The pollution is caused by various factors but the most negative one is metallurgic industry but also mine-mining, transport, and small local furnaces. To analyze pollution, the instrumental neutron activation analysis with analyzing of moss samples were used. The moss has rudimentary root system so it takes nutrients as well as heavy metals from the atmosphere. All irradiation has performed in the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) in the Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics (FLNP) at the reactor IBR-2M. Two kinds of irradiation have been performed as short-term irradiation as long-term irradiation. Short-term irradiation took about 3 mins and then short-lived isotopes were measured for about 15 mins. The long-lived isotopes were measured twice after about 4 days for 30 mins and after 23 days for 90 mins after 3 days of irradiation. For long term irradiation, the cadmium-screened irradiation channel was used. For analyzation and data processing the software Genie 2000 as well as software developed at FLNP JINR were used. In sum, 43 samples of the terrestrial mosses (Hypnum cupressiforme, Pleurozium schreberi and Brachythecium rutabulum) were collected in autumn of 2015 in which the concentration of 38 elements were determined, including heavy metals. As a result, the factor analysis have been performed as well as maps analyzation.
Description
Citation
BRUNČIAKOVÁ, M. Hodnocení průmyslového znečištění životního prostředí Moravskoslezského kraje s použitím radioanalytických metod [online]. Brno: Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií. 2016.
Document type
Document version
Date of access to the full text
Language of document
cs
Study field
Elektroenergetika
Comittee
prof. Ing. Petr Toman, Ph.D. (předseda)
doc. Ing. Petr Baxant, Ph.D. (místopředseda)
doc. Ing. Petr Mastný, Ph.D. (člen)
Ing. Branislav Bátora, Ph.D. (člen)
doc. Ing. Karel Katovský, Ph.D. (člen)
Ing. Michal Krbal, Ph.D. (člen)
Ing. Michal Ptáček, Ph.D. (člen)
doc. Ing. Žaneta Eleschová, Ph.D. (člen)
Ing. David Mezera, Ph.D. (člen)
Date of acceptance
2016-06-07
Defence
Studentka seznámila komisi se svojí závěrečnou prací na téma Hodnocení průmyslového znečištění životního prostředí Moravskoslezského kraje s použitím radioanalytických metod. Studentka zodpověděla dotazy oponenta.
Doplňující otázku týkající se sběru a úpravy vzorků položil Ing. Krbal. Další doplňující otázku položil doc. Mastný.
Result of defence
práce byla úspěšně obhájena
Document licence
Standardní licenční smlouva - přístup k plnému textu bez omezení