G-Quadruplexes as Sensing Probes

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Date
2013-12-01
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MDPI
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Abstract
Guanine-rich sequences of DNA are able to create tetrastranded structures known as G-quadruplexes; they are formed by the stacking of planar G-quartets composed of four guanines paired by Hoogsteen hydrogen bonding. G-quadruplexes act as ligands for metal ions and aptamers for various molecules. Interestingly, the G-quadruplexes form a complex with anionic porphyrin hemin and exhibit peroxidase-like activity. This review focuses on overview of sensing techniques based on G-quadruplex complexes with anionic porphyrins for detection of various analytes, including metal ions such as K+, Ca2+, Ag+, Hg2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Sr2+, organic molecules, nucleic acids, and proteins. Principles of G-quadruplex-based detection methods involve DNA conformational change caused by the presence of analyte which leads to a decrease or an increase in peroxidase activity, fluorescence, or electrochemical signal of the used probe. The advantages of various detection techniques are also discussed.
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MOLECULES. 2013, vol. 18, issue 12, p. 14760-14779.
https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/18/12/14760
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Peer-reviewed
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en
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Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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