Lignitic humic acids as environmental friendly adsorbent for heavy metals
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2017-03-05
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Hindawi
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Abstract
Huminové kyseliny jako součást humusu se účastní transportu prospěšných i škodlivých druhů látek v přírodě. Díky jejich struktuře a vlastnostem mohou interagovat s kovovými ionty a tvořit s nimi relativně stabilní komplexy. Tyto látky jsou tedy odpovědné za takzvanou samočisticí schopnost půd. Lignití jako mladý uhlí typ obsahuje relativně vysoké množství huminových kyselin, které mohou být použity jako ekologický adsorbent pro těžké kovy. V této práci jsme porovnali adsorpce iontu Cu2+ se simultánní adsorpcí několika různých kovových iontů (Cd2 +, Cu2 +, Pb2 + a Zn2 +). Adsorpční účinnost huminových kyselin byla velmi vysoká, téměř 100 % v případě adsorpce Cu2 + ionty a více než 90 % pro adsorpci ze směsi kovových iontů. Stabilitu vytvořených komplexů jsme studovaná na základě extrakce v různě silných činidlech byla vyšší než 80 %; pouze 9 – 18 % kovových iontů bylo přítomno v tzv. mobilní fázi. Po adsorpci jsou kovové ionty obsaženy převážně silně vázané formě (60-73 %) a mohou být vyluhovány pouze v malých množstvích.
Humic acids are a part of humus material, are abundant in nature, and form a substantial pool of natural organic matter. They participate in the transport of both beneficial and harmful species. Due to their structure and properties, they can interact with metal ions and, with them, form relatively stable complexes.These substances are thus responsible for the so-called self-cleaning ability of soils. Lignite as a young coal type contains a relatively high amount of humic acids which can be used as an environmentally friendly adsorbent for heavymetals. In thiswork, we compared the adsorption of single Cu2+ ions with the simultaneous adsorption of several different metal ions (Cd2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+). The adsorption efficiency of humic acids was very high, almost 100% in the case of the single adsorption of Cu2+ ions andmore than 90% for the adsorption from themixture ofmetal ions.The stability of formed complexes, considered on the basis of the leaching in different extraction agents, was higher than 80%; only 9–18% was in the mobile phase. After adsorption, metal ions are contained in humic acids after adsorption in mainly strongly bonded form (60–73%) and can be liberated from their structure only in low amounts.
Humic acids are a part of humus material, are abundant in nature, and form a substantial pool of natural organic matter. They participate in the transport of both beneficial and harmful species. Due to their structure and properties, they can interact with metal ions and, with them, form relatively stable complexes.These substances are thus responsible for the so-called self-cleaning ability of soils. Lignite as a young coal type contains a relatively high amount of humic acids which can be used as an environmentally friendly adsorbent for heavymetals. In thiswork, we compared the adsorption of single Cu2+ ions with the simultaneous adsorption of several different metal ions (Cd2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+). The adsorption efficiency of humic acids was very high, almost 100% in the case of the single adsorption of Cu2+ ions andmore than 90% for the adsorption from themixture ofmetal ions.The stability of formed complexes, considered on the basis of the leaching in different extraction agents, was higher than 80%; only 9–18% was in the mobile phase. After adsorption, metal ions are contained in humic acids after adsorption in mainly strongly bonded form (60–73%) and can be liberated from their structure only in low amounts.
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