Vlastnosti a produkce mikrobiálních lipáz

Abstract

Bakalárska práca je zameraná na testovanie kultivačných médií pre rast rôznych kmeňov kvasiniek produkujúcich lipolytické enzýmy a na štúdium vplyvu zloženia kultivačných médií na produkciu lipolytických enzýmov. Teoretická časť práce uvádza charakteristiku lipolytických enzýmov, ich vlastnosti, zdroje, podmienky pre produkciu a možnosti aplikácie. V experimentálnej časti práce bolo použitých celkom 8 kmeňov kvasiniek a to 2 kmene Yarrowia lipolytica, 2 kmene Kluyveromyces lactis, Cryptococcus saitoi, Candida intermedia, Candida oleophila a Debaryomyces hansenii, ktoré boli kultivované na 4 médiách o rôznom zložení. V priebehu kultivácie bol sledovaný nárast biomasy a na základe toho boli spracované rastové krivky. Vybrané kmene kvasiniek boli testované v priebehu kultivácie na lipolytickú aktivitu, enzýmov viazaných na bunku i extracelulárnych enzýmov, ktorá bola zmeraná spektrofotometricky. Produkcia lipolytických enzýmov sa líšila v závislosti na použitom kultivačnom médiu.

Bachelor´s thesis is focused on testing the culture media for growing various strains of yeasts, producing lipolytic enzymes and to study the influence of culture media composition on the production of lipolytic enzymes. Theoretical part of this thesis states the characteristics of lipolytic enzymes, their properties, sources, conditions for their production and the possibilities of their application. Together 8 strains of yeasts were used in the experimental part of the thesis, namely 2 strains of Yarrowia lipolytica, 2 strains of Kluyveromyces lactis, Cryptococcus saitoi, Candida intermedia, Candida oleophila and Debaryomyces hansenii, which were cultivated on 4 media with different compounds. During the cultivation the growth of biomass was monitored and growth curves were formed based on these results. Selected strains of yeasts were tested during the process of cultivation for lipolytic activity of two types of enzymes – enzymes bonded to the cellular structure and extracellular enzymes, which were measured by spectrophotometer. Production of lipolytic enzymes varied depending on applied culture medium.