VOLUMETRIC WEAR ANALYSIS OF HIP JOINT IMPLANTS BY OPTICAL METHODS
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Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství
Abstract
Predložená dizertačná práca sa zaoberá analýzou opotrebenia totálnych bedrových endoprotéz za použitia optických metód. V práci bol predstavený nový prístup hodnotenia objemového úbytku materiálu pomocou 3D optického skeneru. Tento nový prístup je časovo efektívny, poskytuje veľké množstvo snímaných bodov na povrchu implantátu. Množstvo bodov umožňuje presnejšiu rekonštrukciu pôvodnej geometrie a prípadné rekonštrukcie nežiaducich poškodení polyetylénovej vložky pri extrakcii. Predstavené metóda bola validovaná za pomoci štandardizovanej gravimetrickej metódy v súlade s ISO 14242. Následne bol optická skenovacia metóda použitá v troch štúdiách zameraných na analýzu opotrebenia, mechanické zmeny artikulujúceho povrchu a mikroštruktúrne zmeny v dôsledku zlyhania implantátu. Analýza 23 extrahovaných polyetylénových vložiek typ Bicon - plus s rozšíreným použitím v Českej republike poukázala na niektoré problémy spojené so zlyhaním implantátu. Adhezívno - abrazívne opotrebenie bolo identifikované v oblasti penetrácie femurálnej hlavice a následné poškodenia ako delaminácia materiálu , plastické deformácie a pitting boli pozorované v okolí tejto oblasti. Analýza materiálových vlastností poukázala na degradáciu mechanických a chemických vlastností, čo bolo prevažne závislé od rozsahu opotrebenia implantátu. U implantátov boli pozorované výrazné plastické deformácie , nárast oxidačného indexu a nižší pomer tvrdosti voči modulu elasticity, v porovnaní s novými vzorkami. Tečenie materiálu a plastické deformácie, ktoré vykazovali všetky extrahované vzorky boli analyzované v závere predloženej dizertačnej práce, na základe testov na nových implantátoch v zábehovom cykle. Cieľom práce je uviesť nový prístup analýzy opotrebenia polyetylénových vložiek za pomoci optických skenovacích metód a preukázať jeho použiteľnosť na analýze súboru extrahovaných implantátov. Výsledky získané pomocou tejto metódy sa ukázali ako vhodné a môžu viesť k lepšiemu pochopeniu procesov opotrebenia a zlyhávania implantátov.
This dissertation thesis deals with wear analysis of total hip replacements (THR) using optical methods. We introduced a new approach to volumetric wear assessments of polyethylene liners using a 3D optical scanner. The new approach brought benefits of time-efficient measurements, large number of points collected for post-processing, the possibility to create pre-worn models of retrieved samples as well as the possibility to exclude damages caused by surgeon during revision surgeries. The method was validated by gravimetric method according to the ISO 14242 Standard. The new approach was then used in three studies focusing on wear rate and mechanical changes of polyethylene liners. In the studies, the analysis of polyethylene liners geometry was followed by a detailed surface analysis of contact areas down to the microstructural level. Clinical history data for 23 retrieved liners combined with wear analysis showed several issues affecting failure of the polyethylene implants. We worked with Bicon-plus type implants, that are widely used in clinical practice in the Czech Republic. Structural surface analysis of the retrieved samples showed several different wear mechanisms such as adhesion/abrasion, pitting, delamination and plastic deformation. Analysis of material behaviour showed mechanical changes and chemical degradation in retrieved prostheses which mostly correlated with the wear depth. Investigated samples showed plastic deformations, an increased oxidation index and lower hardness to elasticity ratio compared to the new samples. Creep phenomenon or plastic deformation, which was investigated in the final part of thesis, occurred in all the retrieved samples. Further in vitro testing showed presence of creep in the run-in phase of implants. This thesis aimed to introduce a new approach to wear analysis using the optical scanning method and to apply the new approach for investigations of surface geometry of retrieved polyethylene liners. The method proved to be a suitable method for investigations of retrieved polyethylene liners helping to better understand the processes leading to implant failures.
This dissertation thesis deals with wear analysis of total hip replacements (THR) using optical methods. We introduced a new approach to volumetric wear assessments of polyethylene liners using a 3D optical scanner. The new approach brought benefits of time-efficient measurements, large number of points collected for post-processing, the possibility to create pre-worn models of retrieved samples as well as the possibility to exclude damages caused by surgeon during revision surgeries. The method was validated by gravimetric method according to the ISO 14242 Standard. The new approach was then used in three studies focusing on wear rate and mechanical changes of polyethylene liners. In the studies, the analysis of polyethylene liners geometry was followed by a detailed surface analysis of contact areas down to the microstructural level. Clinical history data for 23 retrieved liners combined with wear analysis showed several issues affecting failure of the polyethylene implants. We worked with Bicon-plus type implants, that are widely used in clinical practice in the Czech Republic. Structural surface analysis of the retrieved samples showed several different wear mechanisms such as adhesion/abrasion, pitting, delamination and plastic deformation. Analysis of material behaviour showed mechanical changes and chemical degradation in retrieved prostheses which mostly correlated with the wear depth. Investigated samples showed plastic deformations, an increased oxidation index and lower hardness to elasticity ratio compared to the new samples. Creep phenomenon or plastic deformation, which was investigated in the final part of thesis, occurred in all the retrieved samples. Further in vitro testing showed presence of creep in the run-in phase of implants. This thesis aimed to introduce a new approach to wear analysis using the optical scanning method and to apply the new approach for investigations of surface geometry of retrieved polyethylene liners. The method proved to be a suitable method for investigations of retrieved polyethylene liners helping to better understand the processes leading to implant failures.
Description
Citation
RANUŠA, M. VOLUMETRIC WEAR ANALYSIS OF HIP JOINT IMPLANTS BY OPTICAL METHODS [online]. Brno: Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství. 2019.
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Document version
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Language of document
en
Study field
Konstrukční a procesní inženýrství
Comittee
doc. Ing. Petr Svoboda, Ph.D. (předseda)
Dr. Michael Bryant (člen)
Dr. Prashant K. Sharma (člen)
prof. Ing. Martin Hartl, Ph.D. (člen)
doc. Ing. Pavel Hutař, Ph.D. (člen)
Date of acceptance
2019-01-08
Defence
DDP splňuje požadavky plynoucí z § 47 Zákona č.111/1998 Sb., O vysokých školách a o změně a doplnění dalších zákonů a z článku 41 Studijního a zkušebního řádu VUT v Brně.
DDP obsahuje původní výsledky uveřejněné mj. ve čtyřech článcích v impaktovaném časopise.
Result of defence
práce byla úspěšně obhájena
Document licence
Standardní licenční smlouva - přístup k plnému textu bez omezení