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Item
Hybrid Keys in Practice: Combining Classical, Quantum and Post-Quantum Cryptography
(IEEE, 2024-02-10) Ricci, Sara; Dobiáš, Patrik; Malina, Lukáš; Hajný, Jan; Jedlička, Petr
Currently, with the threat of quantum computer attacks, the idea of combining several same-type primitives has reemerged. This is also the case for cryptographic keys where a hybrid quantum key exchange combination allows for preserving the security guarantees of pre-quantum schemes and achieving quantum resistance of post-quantum schemes. In this article, we present a concrete 3-key combiner system implemented on a Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) platform. Our system involves a pre-quantum Key EXchange scheme (KEX), a post-quantum key encapsulation mechanism, and a Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) algorithm. The proposed 3-key combiner is proven to be secure in the quantum standard model and it is INDistinguishable under a Chosen-Ciphertext Attack (IND-CCA). Our combiner can run in small FPGA platforms due to its relatively low resources usage. In particular, the key combiner without QKD is able to output up to 1 624 keys per second and the key combiner with QKD is able to output up to 9.2 keys per second.
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Non-autonomous double phase eigenvalue problems with indefinite weight and lack of compactness
(London Mathematical Society, 2024-02-08) Tianxiang, Gou; Radulescu, Vicentiu
In this paper, we consider eigenvalues to the following double phase problem with unbalanced growth and indefinite weight,-Delta pau-Delta qu=lambda m(x)|u|q-2uinRN,$$\begin{equation*} \hspace*{3pc}-\Delta _pa u-\Delta _q u =\lambda m(x)|u|{q-2}u \quad \mbox{in} \,\, \mathbb {R}<^>N, \end{equation*}$$where N > 2$N \geqslant 2$, 1{0, 1}(\mathbb {R}N, [0, +\infty))$, a not equivalent to 0$a \not\equiv 0$ and m:RN -> R$m: \mathbb {R}N \rightarrow \mathbb {R}$ is an indefinite sign weight which may admit non-trivial positive and negative parts. Here, Delta q$\Delta _q$ is the q$q$-Laplacian operator and Delta pa$\Delta _pa$ is the weighted p$p$-Laplace operator defined by Delta pau:=div(a(x)| backward difference u|p-2 backward difference u)$\Delta _pa u:=\textnormal {div}(a(x)|\nabla u|{p-2} \nabla u)$. The problem can be degenerate, in the sense that the infimum of a$a$ in RN$\mathbb {R}N$ may be zero. Our main results distinguish between the cases p
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Decreased quality of life in Duchenne muscular disease patients related to functional neurological and cardiac impairment
(FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2024-02-08) Juříková, Lenka; Masárová, Lucia; Panovský, Roman; Pešl, Martin; Žondra Revendová, Kamila; Volný, Ondřej; Feitová, Věra; Holeček, Tomáš; Kincl, Vladimír; Danhofer, Pavlína; Voháňka, Stanislav; Haberlová, Jana; Podolská, Karolína
In this prospective study involving 37 Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients aged 8-18 years and older, we examined the impact of neurological and cardiac factors on quality of life (QoL). Our findings revealed a negative correlation between upper limb movement and overall mobility, self-service, and usual activities. Ambulatory and non-ambulatory DMD patients showed significant differences in mobility-related parameters. Cardiac evaluations demonstrated associations between mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE) and mobility-related aspects. The PEDSQL 3.0 neuromuscular model questionnaire further highlighted age-related and movement-related correlations with QoL. The loss of ambulatory status and reduced upper limb movement were negatively associated with QoL, while upper limb movement positively correlated with septal MAPSE. However, no significant associations were found between MAPSE and anxiety/depression. These findings underscore the multifaceted impact of DMD on QoL and emphasize the importance of considering both neurological and cardiac factors in comprehensive patient care.
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Spectral analysis of oscillatory wind wave parameters in fetch-limited deep-water conditions at a small reservoir and their prediction: Case Study of the Hulín Reservoir in the Czech Republic
(Sciendo, 2024-02-01) Kotaška, Stanislav; Duchan, David; Pelikán, Petr; Špano, Miroslav
The dams and banks of small water reservoirs face significant erosion from wind-generated oscillatory waves. Proper design of structure height is crucial to protect such banks against erosion, considering the maximum characteristics of wind waves. Long-term measurements at the Hulín reservoir revealed that the wave spectrum aligns best with the Bretschneider type. This spectrum serves as a basis for simulating oscillatory waves and their impact on shore protection structure design. Empirical models were evaluated using wind and wave data from Hulín reservoir in the Czech Republic. The measured wind speeds attained a maximum of 8 m/s, and wave heights reached up to 15 cm. The Bretschneider (SMB) empirical formula provided the most accurate estimation of wave height (Hm0), with an average underestimate of RMSE = 0.038 m. On the other hand, Wilson revisited (WIL rev.) performed less effectively, with an average RMSE = 0.304 m. For wave period (T) estimation, Bretschneider (SMB) yielded the best results, with an average RMSE = 0.062 s. Conversely, Wilson revisited (WIL rev.) showed poorer performance, with an average underestimate of RMSE = 2.196 s. The discrepancy between the empirical formulas and measured values, particularly in underestimating Hm0, can be attributed to inaccurate determination of fetch length and wind speed.
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Formation, Stability, and Crystallinity of Various Tricalcium Aluminate Polymorphs
(MDPI, 2024-02-03) Ravaszová, Simona; Dvořák, Karel; Boháč, Martin; Všianský, Dalibor; Jančíková, Andrea
Tricalcium aluminate is an important phase of Portland clinker. In this paper, three polymorphs of C3A were prepared by means of the solid-state synthesis method using intensive milling of the raw material mixture which was doped with various amounts of Na2O and sintered at a temperature of 1300 °C for 2 h. The final products were evaluated through X-ray diffraction using Rietveld analysis. The effect of the Na dopant content on the change in the crystalline structure of tricalcium aluminate was studied. It was proven that the given preparation procedure, which differed from other studies, was close to the real conditions of the formation of Portland clinker, and it was possible to prepare a mixture of different polymorphs of calcium aluminate. Fundamental changes in the crystal structure occurred in the range of 3–4% Na, when the cubic structure changes to orthorhombic. At a dosage of Na dopant above 4%, the orthorhombic structure changes to a monoclinic structure. There are no clearly defined boundaries for the existence of individual C3A phases; these phases arise at the same time and overlap each other in the areas of their formation at different Na doses.